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H. H. WAIT.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

l N FILED AU Patented Aug. 19, 1919.

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H. H. WAIT.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE;

APPLICATION FILED AUG.22, 1917.

1 ,3 1 3 ,43 1 Patented Aug. 19, 1919.

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'r COLUMBIA PLANOGRAP" 60., WASHINGTON D C HENRY H. WAIT,-OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

DYNAMO-ELECTRIC JlIEAC'HIIITIil.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 19,, 1919.

Application filed August 22, 1917. Serial No. 187,648.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY H. WAIT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the countyof Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Dynamo-Electric Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to dynamo electric machines employing commutators and brush structures and has for its general object the improvement of the formation of the brush structure and the mounting thereof. In accordance with a feature of my invention, the brush structure may in clude a mounting ring adjacent the arma ture and a support therefor forming witli the ring a structure which is substantially magnetically symmetrical with respect to the pole tips of the machine.

In accordance with another characteristic of the invention, there are twocarrier rings, each formed in two equal portions divided along a diametrical line, studs coupling these rings and a mounting structure in supporting relation to these rings and upon which the rings may turn This mounting structure has an adjusting device that connects it with the brush structure whereby the brush structure may be turned in themounting structure.

My invention further contemplates the division of the mounting structure into two mountings, the outer one of which being formable of iron While the inner one is formed of non-magnetic material to preserve the magnetic symmetry of this part ofthe brush structure and the mounting therefor. My invention has other characteristics which will be fully set forth by reference to the accom anying drawing showing the preferred em odiment, in which Figure 1 is a view in sectional elevation of a dynamo electric machine equipped in accordance with the invention, illustration of the brushes being omitted for the sake of clearness';

Fig. 2 is a view on line 22 of Fig. 1, and

Fig. 3 is a view on line 3-.3 of Fig. 1.

Like parts are indicated by similar characters of reference throughout the different figures.

The dynamo electric machine illustrated has a field portion which is inclusive of .a field ring 1, radial pole pieces 2 carried by and pro ecting inwardly from the ring 1 and the fieldcoils 3. The armature '4: is carried upon a shaft 5 which turns within bearings 6 that are supported by standards 7 upon a base 8. The dynamo electric machine shown is one which operates at a high rate of speed, on which account its commutator 9.is surrounded by annular steel bands 10 (suitably insulated from the commutator) and serving to prevent the commutator bars from :being dislodged or misshapen through the action of centrifugal force.

The commutator brushes (of which only one 1.1 is illustrated in Fig. 2) are disposed upon studs 12 which areanchored at their inner ends to an annular carrier 13 and at their outer ends to an annular carrier 14. These annular carriers 13 and 1 1 are desirably respectively disposed in the: planes of rotation of the inner and outer steel bands 10. The two outer bands 10 and the adjacent bearing 6, together with its supporting standard 7, prevent mere endwise displacement or removal of the carriers 13 and 14 and the brushes 11 carried thereby, on which and the brushes 11 upon said studs, is mounted to rotate upon an axis coincident with the axis of the shaft 5. The mounting is preferably double, there being a mounting 15 for and concentric with the carrier 13 and a mounting 16v for and concentric with the carrier 14. The carrier 15 is mounted upon the base 8 rather than upon anyportion of the dynamo electric machine itself.

By dividing the mounting structure into two separate mountings l5 and 16 the outer mounting 16 may be made of iron, while the inner mounting may be made of non-magnetic material for the purpose which has been stated. The mountings 15 and 16 are desirably segmental, the engagement thereof with the rings 13 and 1 k being limited to arcual portions of these rings 13 and 14 that are not in excess of 180. The carrier rings 13 and 14; are rotatable in the mountings 15 and 16 to enable the entire structure to be turned in adjusting the position of the brushes with respect to the axis of commutation. One of the mountings, say mounting 16, may carry a device for adjustably turning the brush structure. Such a device is illustrated in Fig. 3 and comprises a bolt 17 so held in the mounting 16 as to be rotatable without being movable longitudinally of itself. This bolt has threaded connection with a rotatable stud 18 carried by the ring 14E. By turning the bolt 17 the carrier 14 is rotated and as this carrier is in fixed relation with the carrier 13 the entire brush structure, as a unitary structure, is turned.

The halves of the rings 13 and 14 are assembled as respectively indicated in Figs. 2 and 3, bolts 19 being employed to fasten the halves of each ring together where they meet along a diametrical line of said ring. Whenever the brush structure is to be removed the halves thereof are separated by removing the bolts 19. The halves of the brush structure are therefore individually moved, each half being turned to a position above and'clear of the mountings 15 and, 16 before its removal is effected.

The bearings 6 and standards 7 are usually far enough away from the field and armature portions of the dynamo electric machine as not to distort the flux, the elements 6 and 7 beingjusually made of iron. The support 16 is also far enough away from the field and armature portions of the dynamo electric machine that it may also be made of iron, and I preferably make this support a part of the same integral standard with the adjacent standard 7. To prevent the support 15 from distorting the flux of the dynamo electric machine I desirably ma'ke ity of non-magnetic material, such as laminated bass wood.

The carrier rings 13 and 14 may be made of iron, since these rings are co-axial with the armature and are symmetrically relate to the pole tips whereby such. rings do not cause any distortion of the flux. These rings, particularly the ring 13, do not make any unequal tufts of magnetism that would act upon the adjacent commutator tangs, which are usually unsupported for some distance. At high speeds considerable forces can be caused by comparatively small magnetic inequalities. These forces tend to set up vibrations which break or deteriorate the commutator tangs in time, a re sult which I avoid by the construction illustrated.

While I have herein shown and particularly described the preferred embodiment of my invention, I do not wish to be limited to the precise details of construction shown, as changes may readily be made .without departing from the spirit of my invention, but having thus described my invention I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent the following 1. A dynamo electric machine including the armature and field portions thereof; a commutator; a brush structure comprising two carrier rings surrounding and concentric with the commutator," studs coupling said rings, and brushes carried upon said studs, each of said rings being split into separable sections to form the brush structure into separable portions; and a mounting structure upon which said rings may be turned, this mounting structure engaging arcual portions of said rings that are not in excess of 180 of the peripheries of the rings.

2. A dynamo electric machine including the armature and field portions thereof; a commutator; a brushstructure comprising two carrier rings surrounding and concentric with the commutator, studs coupling said rings, and brushes carried upon said studs, each of said rings being split into separable sections to form the brush structure into separable portions; and mount= ings, one for each ring and upon which such ring may be turned, the part of such ring engageable by its mounting being not in excess of 180 of its periphery, the mounting engaging the ring that is nearerthe armature being of non-magnetic material.

3. A dynamo electric machine including the armature and field portions thereof; a

commutator; a brush structure comprising two carrier rings surrounding and concentrio with the commutator, studs coupling said rings, and brushes carried upon said studs; and a mounting structure for the brush structure including a portion of nonmagnetic material in supporting relation to the carrier ring adjacent the armature, this carrier ring being of iron and substantially magnetically symmetrical with respect to the pole tips of the dynamo electric machine to avoid the uneven distortion of the magnetic flux of the machine.

4. A dynamo electric machine including the armature and field portions thereof; a commutator; a brush structure that is inelusive of an iron carrier ring adjacent the armature, studs connected therewith, and brushes upon said studs; and a mounting in supporting relation to said ring, said mounting and ring constituting a structure magnetically symmetrical with respect to the pole tips of the dynamo electric machine to avoid the uneven distortion of the magnetic flux of the machine.

In Witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe 1o my7name this 18th day of August, A. D. 191

HENRY H. WAIT.

copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner of Patents; Washington, D. 0. 

